[参考译文]有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇,例如轻踩刹车以操纵经济软着陆,使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。没有什么比这更远离实际情况的了。
[结构剖析]在第一个句子中,其主干为Much of the language……, makes it sound like……。used to describe monetary policy是用于修饰language的定语,后面的such as steering the economy to a soft landing of a touch on the brakes是对前面的language进行进一步说明。第二个句子是一个简单句。
[阅读重点]如上所述的句子主干被确定之后,句子就不难理解了。为了简化这个句子以便于理解,可以先把such as引导的部分忽略不看,那样整个句子就比较好掌握了。注意make it sound like a precise science当中it指代前面提到的monetary policy.
2、Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.
[参考译文]因此这样的类比(就如同)把执行货币政策比作驾驶着一辆涂黑了挡风玻璃,打碎了后视镜,并且方向盘无法正常工作的汽车。
[结构剖析]这句话承接前面陈述的原因。hence后面只是一个名词词组,中心词是the analogy,后面that引导定语从句修饰前面的analogy with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview and a faulty steering wheel是介词词组修饰前面的名词car.注意此句没有谓语动词,只是一个名词性的短语。
[阅读重点]理解这句话的关键在于hence的用法。hence的意思是for this reason,因此,所以,主要用于书面语,是副词,可以连接一个完整的句子,也可以只跟一个名词。例如:Baby found a pot of paint,hence all the marks on the wall.另外liken A to B意思是把A与B相比,把A比作B.
3、Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conentional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America‘s, have little productive slack.
[参考译文]经济学家们对英国和美国的有利的通货膨胀数据尤其感到惊讶,因为传统的计量方法显示两国的经济,特别是美国的经济,几乎没有生产萧条的时候。
[结构剖析]这是一个主从复合句,连词since连接了两句子。主句的主干是Economists have been……surprised by……。原因状语从句的主干是conventional measures suggest that……,代词that引导了宾语从句作为suggest的宾语。在这个宾语从句中,and especially America‘s相当于especially America’s economy,是前面主语both economies的同位语,用于强调美国经济。
[阅读重点]这里应该首先注意到since这个连词,然后分别理解两个句子,再把它们放在一起,这个句子的意思就迎刃而解了。另外注意suggest不是建议的意思,而应该是显示,指示。
语言点详解
1. monetary货币的
[大纲词汇] monetary a.金融的,货币的
[经典例句] The new monetary policy will help revitalize the economy.
2. steering sth to引导
[大纲词汇] steer v.驾驶,掌握
[经典例句] The receptionist steered her to the meeting room.
3. soft landing软着陆
4. a touch on the brakes踩刹车
[大纲词汇] brake n./v……制动(器),刹车,闸
5. precise精确的
[大纲词汇] precise a.精确的,准确的
[经典例句] He finished the task by following his precise instructions.
6. be further from the truth离真理更远了
[大纲词汇] further ad./a.更远(的),更往前(的);进一步(的)further from(far from)的比较级,表示离…更远
[经典例句]If you follow this direction,you will be further from your destination.
7. long, variable lags长期,多变的滞后状况
[大纲词汇]lag n./.落后(于),滞后(于)variable a.易变的;可变的,变量的;n.变量
8. analogy类比
[大纲词汇] analogy n比拟,类比analog/analogue n.类似物;模拟
[经典例句]I see no analogy between your problems and mine.
9. liken把…比作
[扩充词汇] liken v.把…比作(to)
[经典例句] He likens the archeologist to detective searching for ancient clues.
10. conduct管理方式
[大纲词汇] conduct n.行为,品行,举动v.引导,带领;处理,管理;指挥(乐队);传导,传(热,电等)
[经典例句]His conduct of the business was very successful.
11. windscreen(汽车上的)挡风玻璃
12. rearview(车辆上的)后视镜
13. faulty有毛病的
[大纲词汇] faulty a.有缺点的,有错误的fault n.过失,过错;缺点,毛病
[经典例句]The accident was owing to the faulty design of the car.
14. steering wheel(汽车上的)方向盘
15. boast about夸耀
[大纲词汇] boast v.(of,about)自夸,夸耀;n.自夸,大话
[经典例句] He boasted to us about the new car he purchased lately.
16. of late最近以来
[扩充词汇]of late最近以来
[经典例句]He looked very tired of late
17. inflation通货膨胀
[大纲词汇] inflation n.通货膨胀
[经典例句] New policies were made to curb inflation.
18. double-digit两位数
19. forecaster预测者
[大纲词汇] forecast v./n.预测,预报
[衍生词汇] forecaster n.天气预报员;(经济形式的预测者)
[经典例句] He works as a business forecaster.
20. predict预测
[大纲词汇] predict v.预测,预言,预告
[经典例句]It did snow in the afternoon as he predicted.
21.panel专门小组
[大纲词汇] panel n.面,板;控制板,仪表盘;专门小组
[经典例句] The panel of experts decided to meet on Monday.
22. poll民意测验
[大纲词汇] poll n.民意测验;(pl.)政治选举,大选;v.对一进行民意测验;获得…选票
[经典例句] The Republican candidate won a bigger margin in the latest poll.
23. There is no flash in the pan.情况并未发生逆转。
[扩充词汇] flash来回的转换;pan平底锅
24. favourable有利的
[大纲词汇] favourable/ favorable a.赞许的,有利的,顺利的
[词汇比较] favorite/favourite a.最喜欢的,中意的注意;两词同是favor的衍生词汇,但意思不同,注意区别。
[经典例句] The situation will develop in the direction favorable to his rivals.
25. productive slack生产萧条
[大纲词汇] slack a.懈怠的,懒散的,松弛的,不紧的;萧条的;n.淡季,萧条;[pl.]便裤,运动裤
[经典例句] There is a certain amount of slack in the car industry at the moment.
26. utilisation利用
[大纲词汇] utilization / untilization n.利用utilize/utilise v.利用utility n.有用,效用
[经典例句」The utilisation of solar energy has partly solved environmental problems in this area.
27. take off开始
[扩充词义]take off开始,开始流行
[经典例句]The design first took off in American colleges.
25. thrilling令人震惊的
[大纲词汇] thrill n.令人激动的事;v.使激动,使兴奋;使毛骨谏然
[衍生词汇]thrilling a.令人震惊的,令人激动的
[经典例句] The story has a thrilling climax at the end.
29. defective有缺陷的
[大纲词汇]defect n.缺点,缺陷
[衍生词汇] defective a.有缺陷的
[经典例句] He returned the defective goods to the salesman……
30. upend颠倒
[扩充词汇] upend v.颠倒,使倒立,倒放;打倒,推翻
[经典例句]He upended the wine bottle over his glass,but only a drop or two ran out.
31. foresee预见
[大纲词汇] foresee v.预见,预知
[经典例句] The captain foresaw the danger ahead.
32. bo comparable to可比较的
[大纲词汇] comparable a.(with,to)可比较的,比得上的
[经典例句] The dinner was comparable to the best French cooking.
33. be puzzled by迷惑
[大纲词汇] puzzle v.(使)迷惑,(使)为难;n.难题,谜,迷惑
[经典例句] We are all puzzled by his abnormal behavior.
34. be amazed at对…感到惊讶
[大纲词汇] amaze v.使惊愕,使惊奇,是惊叹
[经典例句] I was amazed at the news.来源:考试大-考研站
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