Passage 4
A scientist who does research in economic psychology(心理学) and who wants to predict the way in which consumers(消费者) will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain
data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.
If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most-people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining(下降的) incomes--he would probably andwer: those with declining incomes.
Actually, in the years 1947-1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions(假设) about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that of people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy.
If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But reseach surveys have shown that this is not always true. Theexpectations of price increases may not stimulate(刺激) buying.
The investigations mentioned above were carried out inAmerica. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns.
The condition most favoutable to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears
that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correst understanding of consumer psychology.
96. Accoring to the passage, if one wants to predict the way consumers will spend their money, he should ( ).
A) rely on traditional assumptions about earning and spending
B) try to encourage or discourage consumers to spend money
C) carry out investigations on consumer behavior
D) do researches in consumer psychology in a laboratory
97. According to paragraph 2, one traditional assumption is that people with ( ) incomes borrow most.
A) average
B) rising
C) stable
D) declining
98. The results of the investigations on consumer psychology carried out in America were ( ) those of the investigations made at the same time in Greet Britain.
A)somewhat different from
B)must better than
C) exactly the same as
D) not as good as
99. From the results of the surveys, the writer of this article( ) .
A) cincludes that the saving and spending patterns in Greet Britain are better than those in America
B) concludes that the consumers always expect prices to remain stable
C) concludes that maintaining stable prices is a correct business policy
D) does not draw any conclusion
100. Which of the following statements is always TRUE according to the surveys mentioned in the passage?
A) Consumers will put off buying things if they expect prices to decrease.
B) Consumers will spend their money quickly if they expect prices to increase.
C) The price condition has an influence on consumer behavior.
D) Traditional assumptions about earning and spending are reliable.
转贴于：自考_考试大

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